Like many lengthy family gatherings, the Passover Seder begins with the first of many cups of wine. The same contrast of emotions which accompanies a family dinner can also be found in the blessing over the wine. The text refers to “seasons and holidays for happiness, celebrating the joy and freedom of Passover." Yet, in its inclusion of only the positive aspects of Passover, the language of Kadesh alludes to the oppression and toil of the Jewish people before they were liberated from slavery in Egypt. This recognition of the many faces of our festival of freedom demands a drink, loaded with conflicting symbolism. Wine, with its varying connotations and complexities makes the most sense: it is seen as a vehicle of sanctity at times and an initiator of intoxication at others. Wine can represent absolute freedom as well as total dependency.


haggadah Section: Kadesh